Exploring unusual toponyms

Enjoy a ha-ha moment with the 10 funniest town names around the world


Published on September 19, 2024


Image: Pixabay

Do you see yourself visiting Accident or spending a few days skiing in Drama? How about a long weekend in Boring, or a nice vacation in Hell? Check out these 10 towns and cities with the most curious names in the world, including one impossible to pronounce and another, well, let's just say non-existent.

1

Accident, Maryland

Image: US government, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Accident is a small town located in the plateau region of the Appalachian Mountains in Maryland. Two different accounts explain the curious name of this Garrett County town of less than 350 inhabitants. Both versions involve a man named Deakins and date back to the mid-18th century when the lands of the United States were open for settlement.

The more widespread story indicates that, after King George II of England granted Deakins 600 acres of his choice, he commissioned two groups of engineers to determine the best site. To his surprise, and "by accident", both selected the same plot of land. Accident was officially incorporated in 1916 and if you ever visit, you should know that any person from this town is called an "Accidental."

2

Saint-Louis-du-Ha! Ha!, Canada

Image: MTI

It may sound funny, but it's no joke. Saint-Louis-du-Ha! Ha!, a parish municipality of the Bas-Saint-Laurent region of Quebec, Canada, sits on a hill in the Appalachian Plateau, 400 meters above sea level. It was named in 1874 and in 2017 was granted the Guinness World Record for being the only city in the world with more than two exclamation points in its name.

The origin of the Ha! Ha! has been the subject of various interpretations. However, the Quebec Toponymy Commission solved the mystery. In reality, ha-ha is a French archaism that designates a dead end or an unexpected obstacle. In this case, the obstacle in question was Lake Témiscouata, which had to be crossed to reach the village. Time took care of distorting the word and granting us this peculiar toponym.

3

Frankenstein, Missouri

Image: Kenny Eliason

Contrary to what you might think, this town in northwestern Osage County, Missouri was not named after the famous monster created by Mary Shelley. It is believed that the origin of the name of this unincorporated community located just 12 miles from Jefferson City is a tribute to a pioneer citizen named Gottfried Franken who donated land in 1890 for the construction of a church.

At the time, the donated area was popularly known as Franken Hill, although a post office called Frankenstein was established in 1893. So, how did it end up being called that? One possible explanation may be related to the fact that many of the early settlers of Frankenstein came from the Westphalen area of Germany. The full toponym probably derives from the German stein, which in English means "rock."

4

Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch, Wales

Image: manuzoli

No, it's not a computer error and you're not having a vision problem. Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch is the full name of a village located on the island of Anglesey in Wales and is probably the weirdest name on this list. With 58 characters, this charming destination has the longest name in Europe and the second-longest one-word place name in the world.

It was given this name in 1869 for the sole purpose of attracting tourists. However, unless you are fluent in Welsh, it is unlikely that you’ll be able to pronounce it correctly; it is a real tongue twister! Translated to English, it means: "St Mary's Church in the Hollow of the White Hazel Near to the Rapid Whirlpool of Llantysilio of the Red Cave." But don't worry, you don't have to memorize it all, to make things easier the locals call it Llanfairpwll or Llanfair PG for short.

5

Nameless, Tennessee

Image: Yannik Mika

There is no consensus regarding the origin of the unusual name of this unincorporated community in Jackson County, Tennessee. As is always the case in these situations, there are a few rumors going around. One theory suggests that when residents applied for a post office they forgot to fill in the name field. The U.S. Post Office Department didn't give it a second thought and in 1866 just returned the application with "Nameless" stamped on the form.

In his book Blue Highways: A Journey Into America, travel writer William Least Heat-Moon offers another version. He recounts that the locals finally decided to call their town Nameless because they couldn't agree on a name: some suggested patriotic themes, others preferred something related to nature. Apparently, a fellow who was fed up with the discussion said: "This here's a nameless place if I ever seen one, so leave it be." And that's just what they did.

6

Hell, Norway

Image: Tollef Salemann, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons

"Welcome to hell," writes someone in the caption of their Instagram post of a selfie next to a blue sign. Although the name of this Norwegian village probably finds its origin in the word hellir, which means "cave" in Old Norse, travelers from all over the world love to take pictures of themselves at the Hell train station and make jokes like "See you in Hell," or "I have been to Hell and back."

The town of Hell is located in the province of Trøndelag, in the central part of the country, very close to the Trondheim Fjord and the Norwegian Sea coast. However, instead of fire and sulfur, this quiet town is home to cold temperatures and ice-covered streets. Yes, there's a place on Earth where hell freezes over!

7

Drama, Greece

Image: Panos Deligiannidis

Unlike the ancient Greek tragedies, in which Prometheus rebels against the gods and Oedipus kills his own father, the peaceful city of Drama surprisingly does not live up to its name. In fact, it was named after Hydrama —meaning "rich in water"—, a city with excellent water resources believed to have been in the same place in classical times.

Located in the Macedonian region of northeastern Greece, Drama is surrounded by green hills, breathtaking waterfalls, and miles of pristine nature to explore. The area is known for having the lowest temperatures in the country, which offers the unusual opportunity to ski on Mount Falakro, just an hour's drive away.

8

Kissing, Germany

Image: Dark Avenger at German Wikipedia, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

With a name like Kissing, you might expect this town to be full of loving couples walking hand in hand in the sunset. Located just outside of Augsburg, one of Germany's oldest cities, Kissing is home to beautiful small churches and large green spaces, perfect for romance and courtship. However, while it is true that it has a lot of charm, you don't have to be a romantic to enjoy this bucolic Bavarian village.

In fact, the first certain mention of this municipality goes back to the year 935 when it was called Chissingun. This toponym probably derives from the Old High German male name Kiso/Cisso. Fun fact: the surname Kissinger —as in Henry Kissinger— means inhabitant of Kissing. Did you know?

9

Boring, Oregon

Image: everett mcintire

Boring is anything but boring. This town in the state of Oregon does its best to get rid of that negative connotation and invites visitors to take funny pictures at the entrance sign. Not only that, in 2012 it was paired with the village of Dull, Scotland. Along with Bland, Australia, the three towns are informally —and humorously— called the "Trinity of Tedium."

The town of Boring, located in the foothills of the Cascade mountain range, is named after a former Civil War soldier named William Boring who donated land for the first school. But, as you might imagine, few pay attention to this little detail. As with the Norwegian town of Hell, all sorts of witty phrases come up. "I had fun in Boring, OR" is one of our favorites.

10

Batman, Turkey

Image: Clément Falize

Nameless places, accidents, monsters, the longest name: this list has it all. That's why we couldn't say goodbye without adding a superhero to the mix. In southeastern Turkey, there is a large city called Batman, home to almost 500,000 people. Although there is no link between the fictional character and this urbanization, the history of its name is full of curiosities.

Turkey's third-largest city actually got its current name a few years after artist Bob Kane and writer Bill Finger created the Dark Knight. This place, formerly called Iluh, changed its name in 1957, in homage to an eponymous river called Batman since the 19th century. And why is the river called that? There is a simple explanation: In Turkey and Persia, a batman is an ancient unit of measure.


Stranger truths

10 things once dismissed as nonsense that are now undeniable science


Published on September 19, 2024


Image: National Cancer Institute

Science is an unending search for truth, but when some truths are stranger than fiction, even the most experienced scientists find them hard to believe at first. As we learn more about the world we live in, phenomena once thought impossible are turning out to be more plausible than previously believed. From genetic memory to magnetoreception in humans, here are 10 examples of things once denied, doubted, or even feared—until evidence proved otherwise.

1

Genetic memory

Image: digitale.de

Generational trauma was once considered nothing more than a poetic idea—but now, according to some scientists, it may be a measurable genetic phenomenon. Studies indicate that certain traumatic experiences can trigger epigenetic changes in DNA, influencing stress responses in descendants.

While researchers are still exploring the full scope of this phenomenon and which types of trauma can cause such changes, the findings challenge the long-held belief that our genetic makeup is entirely separate from individual life experiences.

2

Magnetoreception in humans

Image: Jamie Street

Once dismissed as impossible, emerging research suggests humans may have a subtle magnetic sense linked to cells in the eye.

Scientists have identified cryptochromes—light-sensitive proteins in the retina—that could allow the eye to detect magnetic fields. Although the effect is weak and difficult to observe in humans, evidence indicates we might have a subconscious geomagnetic sense connected to vision.

3

Gut-brain connection

Image: julien Tromeur

The idea that gut bacteria could influence our mood or behavior once sounded absurd, but we now know the gut microbiome communicates with the brain through the vagus nerve and various chemical messengers.

Imbalances in the microbiome have been linked to anxiety, depression, and even neurodegenerative diseases.

4

Sleep paralysis

Image: Slaapwijsheid.nl

The phenomenon of sleep paralysis was once dismissed by science as mere fantasy, and it didn’t help that in pre-modern times it was often attributed to demonic visitation and other supernatural causes.

Today, it is recognized as a REM sleep disorder in which the brain wakes before the body. Visual and auditory hallucinations are common due to the lingering dream state.

5

Consciousness without a brain

Image: Naomi August

Until recently, consciousness was thought to require a functioning brain. However, recent experiments have revealed brain-like electrical patterns in some simpler organisms**.**

While this raises a plethora of questions about how consciousness emerges in living beings to begin with, it remains a very early field of study where much is still unknown.

6

Quantum entanglement

Image: Thomas T

Einstein called it "spooky action at a distance," as it seemed too strange to be real. Yet years later, the phenomenon was experimentally confirmed.

We now know that particles can become entangled, so that a change to one instantly affects the other, even across vast distances. This principle underlies quantum computing, a field still in its infancy.

7

Phantom limb pain

Image: Marco Bianchetti

People have reported feeling pain in amputated limbs since ancient times, but until recently, scientists didn’t know what to make of it, and largely dismissed it as a psychological phenomenon.

Today, neuroscience and brain imaging have confirmed it’s real. The brain retains a sensory map of the missing limb, which can trigger pain. Fortunately, mirror therapy can help retrain the brain to quiet these signals.

8

Life in extreme environments

Image: Marc Szeglat

Not so long ago, extreme environments such as the deep sea, Antarctic ice, or boiling vents were thought to be lifeless.

However, research has revealed microbes thriving in boiling acid, under immense pressure, and even in radioactive waste. These discoveries have prompted scientists to reconsider the origins of life and its remarkable ability to survive under extreme conditions.

9

Mass psychogenic illness

Image: Ryoji Iwata

Large groups of people fainting or convulsing without any apparent medical cause were once hard to make sense of. All sorts of explanations were proposed—rarely rigorous enough to prompt scientific interest.

Today, the phenomenon is recognized as mass psychogenic illness, typically triggered by a combination of stress, anxiety, and suggestion. It has been well documented in schools, factories, and even entire towns under high pressure.

10

Plants signaling danger

Image: Jackie DiLorenzo

The idea that plants could "talk" was once dismissed as magical thinking or pseudoscience. But time has proven otherwise—botanists now confirm that plants do release chemical signals to warn nearby plants of threats like insect attacks.

Even more remarkably, some plants can even detect and respond to the sound of herbivores chewing nearby.

Looking for an extra scoop of literary fun?

Learn more with our Word of the day

raffish

/ˈræfɪʃ/